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◎sb spends some money/time in doing sth，其中介词in可以省略。
They spent two hours (in) looking for the cat. 他们花了两个小时找那只猫。
特别提示
take, pay与cost也可以表示“花费”：
◎take意为“花费”，常用形式主语it，真正的主语是动词不定式，常见的句子结构有：
“It takes （took）+时间/金钱+动词不定式”（表示“做某事花费了多少时间/金钱”）和“It takes+sb+时间/金钱+动词不定式”（“做某事花费了某人多少时间/金钱”）。
It’ll take only ten minutes to walk to the supermarket.
只要十分钟，就可以走到那家超市。
It took Yang Liwei about 21 hours to circle the earth in his spaceship.
乘宇宙飞船环绕地球大约花费了杨利伟21个小时。
◎pay的基本意思是“支付”，主语是表示人的名词或代词，常与for连用。
How much did you pay for all these books? 这些书你是花多少钱买的？
◎cost也可作“花费”解，其主语是“物”或“事”，常用于sth costs (sb) some money结构。
The dictionary cost me 40 yuan. 这本字典花了我40元钱。
(3)not...any more意为“不再……”，相当于no more，一般用来表示动作或行为的不再发生或重复。
They don’t use animals to do farm work any more.
他们不再使用牲畜做农活了。
7. These days, I hardly ever have time for concerts. (P14) 现在，我根本没有时间去听音乐会。
(1)本句中的these days意为“现在，目前，如今”，相当于nowadays, at present。
We are not poor any longer these days. 如今我们不再贫穷了。
They still remember that old saying these days. 现在他们仍然记得那句古谚语。
(2)hardly用作副词，意为“几乎不”，相当于almost not，本身含有否定之意，修饰名词时，常和a或any连用。
I’m so tired that I can hardly walk any farther. 我太累了，简直不能再走下去了。 (来源：http://www.EnglishCN.com)
There was hardly a cloud in the sky. 天空几乎没有一丝云彩。
魔力纠错
他简直不知道说什么好，是吗？
误：He hardly knows what to say, doesn’t he?
正：He hardly knows what to say, does he?
魔力解析
hardly本身含有否定意义，构成反意疑问句时，后半部分要用肯定形式。类似的词有few, little, never, none, nobody, nothing等。
特别提示
hardly不是hard的副词形式，两者是完全不相关的两个词。
8. Now, I don’t mind them. (P14)现在我不介意它们了。
动词mind的基本含义是“介意，反对”，后面接名词或动名词。
He doesn’t mind closing the window. 他不介意关掉窗户。
知识拓展
Would you mind doing...?句型常用来向别人提出请求，对方如果表示介意，就说“Yes”；如果表示不介意、不反对，应说“No, not at all./No, of course not.”。
— Would you mind telling me how to remember English words?
你介意告诉我如何记英语单词吗？
—No, not at all. 不，不介意。
特别提示
mind还可用作名词，表示“思想，主意”。
What do you make up your mind to be when you grow up?
你长大以后立志要做什么？
短语链语
never mind不要紧，不介意；keep in mind记住；make up one’s mind下决心，下决定；set up one’s mind to do sth立志做某事; change one’s mind改变主意。
9. It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. (P15)俞梅似乎变化很大。
动词seem是“看起来像”，“似乎”的意思，其常用的句型有：
◎It seems+that 从句
It seems that he would never be able to work out the question.
看来他好像永远无法解决那个问题。
◎seem+形容词
Your father seems quite happy. 你的父亲看起来很高兴。
◎seem+动词不定式
Li Fang seems to know everything.李芳好像什么都知道。
特别提示
“It seems+that 从句”通常可以转化成“名词/代词+seems+动词不定式短语”这一简单句型，如果动词不定式短语是“to be+形容词”，to be可以被省略。
It seems that his temperature is all right.
=His temperature seems (to be) all right. 他的体温似乎很正常。
It seems that she doesn’t get on well with her classmates.
=She doesn’t seem to get on well with her classmates. 她似乎与同学们相处的不好。
短语链语
seem like...意为“似乎，好像”。
It seems like years since we last met. 我们似乎好多年不见了。
10. However, after his father’s death a few years ago, Martin’s life became much more difficult. (P16)然而，几年以前，在他父亲死后，马丁的生活变得更困难了。
本句中的dead意为“死的”，是形容词，表示“死的，无生命的”，常与be动词连用，指死的状态。
He is dead, but his name will live in our hearts forever.
他虽然死了，但他的名字将永远留在我们心中。
Her grandfather has been dead for more than two years. 她的爷爷去世两年多了。
特别提示
die, dying, death也可以表示“死”。
◎die意为“死亡，断气”，是终止性动词，指生命的结束，强调动作。
His mother died two years ago. 他的母亲两年前去世了。
◎dying是die的现在分词，通常作形容词使用，是“要死的”，“垂危的”，“濒临死亡的”的意思。
This dog is dying. 这条狗快要死了。
◎death是die的名词，意为“死亡”。
It makes me very sad when I think of my little dog’s death. |
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